Model checking is a computerassisted method for the analysis of dynamical systems that can be modeled by statetransition systems. The core of this paper consists of a detailed description of the nusmv functionalities, architecture, and implementation. Model checking is a verification technology that provides an algorithmic means of determining whether an abstract model representing, for example, a hardware or software designsatisfies a formal specification expressed as a temporal logic formula. Typically, one has hardware or software systems in mind, whereas the specification contains safety requirements such as the absence of deadlocks and similar critical states that can cause the system to crash, as well. Modelchecking in a nutshell 12 merits of model checking checking simple properties e. Principles of model checking offers a comprehensive introduction to model checking that is not only a text suitable for classroom use but also a valuable reference for researchers and practitioners in the field. Bounded model checking using satisfiability solving. Allen emerson, working in the usa, and joseph sifakis working independently in france, authored seminal papers that founded what has become the highly successful eld of model. Part i introduction to model checking automatic formal verification of finitestate systems applications commercial hardware design avionics, chemical plant control, automotive, etc. Acm 2007 turing award edmund clarke, allen emerson, and. This paper is intended as a tutorial overview of some of the fundamental principles of model checking, based on a necessarily subjective selection of the large body of model checking literature. Symbolic model checking 3, 14 has proven to be a powerful technique for the verification of reactive systems. Clarke and others published model checking find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. The method, which was awarded the 1998 acm paris kanellakis award for theory and practice, has been used successfully in practice to verify real industrial designs, and companies are beginning to market commercial model checkers.
Model checking model checking over temporal logic is a technique for verifying. It is not to prove that a system is completely correct bug free the goal is to have tools that can help a developer find errors and improve the quality of herhis design. The technique that we describe in this article, called bounded model checking bmc, was. Counterexampleguided abstraction refinement for symbolic model checking. This is typically associated with hardware or software systems, where the specification contains liveness requirements such as avoidance of livelock as well as safety requirements such as avoidance of states representing.
Clarke department of computer science carnegie mellon, pittsburgh abstract. Keywords model checking is an automated technique model checking verifies transition systems model checking verifies temporal. Proceedings of the international workshop, katata, japan, aug 2126, 1981 and international conference kyoto lecture. Model checking is a technique for verifying finite state concurrent systems such as sequential circuit designs and communication protocols. The book begins with the basic principles for modeling concurrent and communicating systems, introduces different classes of properties. Clarke, with 4261 highly influential citations and 465 scientific research papers. Verification, model checking, and abstract interpretation. This festschrift volume, published in celebration of the 25th anniversary of model checking, includes a collection of 11 invited papers based on talks at the symposium 25 years of model checking, 25mc, which was part of the 18th international conference on computer aided verification cav 2006, which in turn was part of the federated logic. Clarke science university 152 edu checking orna computer and grumberg science abstraction david school carnegie of e. Also, if the design contains an error, model checking will produce. We begin with a case study in section 2 where the application. Computer scientist and academic noted for developing model checking, a method for formally verifying hardware and software designs. In particular, model checking is automatic and usually quite fast. Allen emerson, working in the usa, and joseph sifakis working independently in france, authored seminal papers that founded what has become the highly successful field of model checking.
It has a number of advantages over traditional approaches that are based on simulation, testing, and deductive reasoning. To further demonstrate the feasibility of sreach, we also apply it to additional realworld hybrid systems. Peled and a great selection of related books, art and collectibles available now at. Pdf model checking download full pdf book download. Peled the mit press cambridge, massachusetts london, england. What makes model checking so appealing as a practical approach to automated verification is that it is ostensibly cheaper, computationally speaking, than the corresponding proof problem for the logic. In computer science, model checking or property checking is a method for checking whether a finitestate model of a system meets a given specification a. The fore systems professor of computer science at carnegie mellon university. Design and synthesis of synchronization skeletons using branching time temporal logic edmund m. Model checking available for download and read online in other formats.
Bdds 2 have traditionally been used as a symbolic representation of the system. Model checking is a verification technology that provides an algorithmic means of determining whether an abstract model. From wikimedia commons, the free media repository jump to navigation jump to search english. The progression of model checking to the point where it can be successfully used for complex systems has required the development of sophisticated means of coping with what is known as the state. Model checking is bound to be the preeminent source for research, teaching, and industrial practice on this important subject. Part ii a brief history of model checking influence of many abstract ideas from logic on the development of model checking. Counterexampleguided abstraction refinement for symbolic. It does not solve the complexity problem of model checking, since it still relies on an exponential procedure and hence is limited in its capacity. Edmund m clarke jr orna grumberg doron a peled abebooks.
Model checking is an automatic technique for verifying finitestate reactive systems, such as sequential circuit designs and communication protocols. Peled model checking is bound to be the preeminent source for research, teaching, and industrial practice on this important subject. Drawing from research traditions in mathematical logic, programming languages, hardware design, and theoretical computer science, model checking is now widely used for. This paper describes a new symbolic model checker, called nusmv, developed as part of a joint project between cmu and irst. Also, if the design contains an error, model checking will produce a counterexample that can be. Verification, model checking, and abstract interpretation 5th international conference, vmcai 2004 venice, italy, january 11, 2004 proceedings. In this article, we present an automatic iterative abstractionrefinement methodology that extends symbolic. Symbolic model checking 3, 14 has proven to be a powerful technique for the verification of. Design and synthesis of synchronization skeletons using branching time temporal logic author. Part ii a brief history of model checking influence of many abstract ideas from logic on.
Edmund clarke, allen emerson, and joseph sifakis model checking. School of computer science carnegie mellon university pittsburgh, pa. Model checking computer science from wikimedia commons, the free media repository. Model checking in ctl is linear in both the size of. In computer science, model checking or property checking, is a method for checking whether a given finitestate model of a system meets a given specification a. Also, if the design contains an error, model checking. The state explosion problem remains a major hurdle in applying symbolic model checking to large hardware designs. Drawing from research traditions in mathematical logic, programming languages, hardware design, and theoretical computer science, model checking is now widely used for the verification of hardware and software in industry. Principles of model checking, by two principals of modelchecking research, offers an extensive and thorough coverage of the state of art in computeraided verification. The procedure uses an exhaustive search of the state space of the system to determine if a speci. Model checking cs252r spring 2011 contains material from slides by edmund clarke. Model checking problem an overview sciencedirect topics. With its coverage of timed and probabilistic systems, the reader gets a textbook exposition of some of the most advanced topics in modelchecking research.
In computer science, model checking, or property checking, is, for a given finitestate model of a system, exhaustively and automatically checking whether this model meets a given specification a. Dec 04, 2018 model checking is a verification technology that provides an algorithmic means of determining whether an abstract model. Allen emerson and joseph sifakis he received the acm turing award in 2007 for his work on the development of model checking. Clarke harvard university e allen emerson harvard university. Bounded model checking using satisfiability solving bounded model checking using satisfiability solving clarke, edmund. It traces its roots to logic and theorem proving, both to.
Design and synthesis of synchronization skeletons using. Clarke, emerson, and sifakis got turing award in 2007 2. Ensure your research is discoverable on semantic scholar. Nusmv is the result of the reengineering, reimplementation and, to a limited extent, extension of the cmu smv model checker. Model checking there are complete courses in model checking see ecen 59, prof. Clarke carnegie mellon university ofer strichman carnegie mellon university. Typically, one has hardware or software systems in mind, whereas the specification contains safety requirements such as. The main challenge in model checking is dealing with the state space explosion problem. But experiments have shown that it can solve many cases that. This is the first truly comprehensive treatment of a line of research that has gone from conception to industrial practice in only two decades. State space abstraction, having been essential for verifying designs of industrial complexity, is typically a manual process, requiring considerable creativity and insight.
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